Region: Europe & Eurasia​

Securing the Baltic: The Strategic Imperative for a Comprehensive Maritime Security Strategy

By Sean Pribyl

One Tool Among Many: Uncrewed Systems in the Black Sea

By Kayvan Amyot-Ariya

Learning from the ‘Voyage of the Damned’: The Making of a Russian Naval Disaster

By Dr. Steven Wills

Neptune Strike 26-3 and the Northern Turn

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

The U.S. Should Buy France an Aircraft Carrier

By Michael D. Purzycki

Britain’s Dangerous Defense Illusion

By Matthew Reisener

Russia’s Drone Machinations: Reflexive Control and Cognitive Warfare in the Maritime Domain

By Catherine Marie Abbott

The Baltic Sea: Europe’s Critical Frontier and Subsea Battleground

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Why the USA looks at the Italian Model in Shipbuilding

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

NATO Collective Legal Interpretations: Strengthening Alliance Deterrence and Protecting Baltic Undersea Assets Against Grey-Zone Threats

By Catherine Marie Abbott

Europe Is Accelerating a NATO Fallback Plan in Case Trump Pulls Out

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Neptune Strike 26-1: A Good Start to Enhanced Vigilance Activity in the Europe

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Russia’s Expanding Robotic Sea Capabilities

By Dr. Nurlan Aliyev

The Scramble for the Arctic — Greenland and Beyond

By Dr. Steven Wills

Putin’s new submarines are a rapidly expanding Atlantic threat | Admiral James G. Foggo

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

The Baltic: A NATO Lake With Crocodiles

By Dr. Steven Wills

Harsh criticism from the US for Finland’s icebreaker deal

By Hunter Stires

Book Review: The Price of Victory: A Naval History of Britain, 1815-1945

By Ken Brown

Virtual Event | Brussels Sprouts LIVE: Europe with Less U.S.: Preventing Russia Opportunistic Aggression in Europe

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Demonstrating the NATO Maritime Strategy in Neptune Strike 25-3

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Watch Now! Russia’s Danube Attack and its Implications for NATO and Black Sea Security

By Dr. Steven Wills

Europeans insist on security guarantees for Ukraine as Russia balks: ANALYSIS

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Anchoring NATO’s Northern Flank: Why and How Poland Should Lead in the Baltic

By Cade Acker

Russia, China and a Growing Threat to Safety at Sea

By Dr. Steven Wills

Learning from NATO Mission Iraq

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Ukraine Has Innovated Naval Warfare

By Mark Temnycky

Holding the Front Line Against Terrorism: NATO’s Essential Role in Iraq

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Drone Revolution, or Prudent Military Action? It’s Important Not to Overstate the Effects of New Technology

By Dr. Steven Wills

Taiwan’s USV Development and Strategic Learning from Ukraine

By Tin Pak

The New Trump Administration and Incoming German Chancellor Merz – Will Berlin and Washington Strengthen Defense Cooperation?

By Ewa A. Andryjalowicz, M.A.

US military’s future in Europe under review as Hegseth heads to NATO headquarters

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

European Navies Remain Capable

By Rear Admiral (Ret.) Hilaire Ducellier, FN

NATO mentors wary of ‘Trojan’ investors, amid Greek port battle

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

In Defense of the German Navy

By Chuck Ridgway

Navigating the Black Sea: Naval Dimensions of the Ukraine War

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

The U.S. Navy Should Make a Port Call in Bosnia’s City of Neum

By Dr. Harun Karčić

What a NATO-Skeptic U.S. means for NATO Maritime Security

By Nicholas Weising

What we know about Russia’s new weapons after missile strike on Ukraine

By Dr. Steven Wills

NATO Haze Grey and Underway: Enhanced Vigilance Activity Neptune Strike 24-2

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Limitations of German Maritime Security and Defense on NATO’s Eastern Front

By Ewa A. Andryjalowicz

How the Ukraine-Russia war is playing out differently on 3 separate fronts

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Sub Sunk! The Attack on the Rostov-on-Don

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Hail Amerigo Vespucci!

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

The European Union as a Maritime Security Provider—What Is the EU Doing in the Red Sea?

BALTOPS 24 in a Contested NATO Lake

By Dr. Steven Wills

NATO’s Maritime Strategy: Operational Challenges & Opportunities

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Retired U.S. Navy Admiral is Not Alarmed by Russian Military Exercise Off the Coast of Cuba

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Sweden as an Ally: Implications for the Royal Swedish Navy and NATO

By Gonzalo Vazquez

The European Defense Industrial Strategy: Moving the EU Closer to Strategic Autonomy

By Commander Augusto Conte de los Rios, Spanish Navy

Carrier Cooperation: Expanding NATO’s Strength at Sea

By Michael Purzycki

Missile Warfare Outside the Lab

By Dr. Steven Wills

Live at Sea-Air-Space 2024 with Dr. P.W. Singer

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

The United States Coast Guard: At the Intersection of Diplomacy, Law, and Security

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Remaining Steadfast in the Face of Burgeoning Threats

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Sea Drone Swarms – Can NATO’s Navies Avoid Russia’s Fate?

By Dr. Steven Wills

Türkiye and the Russo-Ukrainian War: Cynicism and Opportunism in the Black Sea

By Frederik Brekk

Lessons for the U.S. Navy from the Sinking of Russian Ship by Surface Drones

By Dr. Steven Wills

The War in Ukraine Two Years On

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Trans-Atlantic Security in Baltic II: New Polish Government with Changes in the NATO Eastern Flank

By Ewa A. Andryjalowicz

The Sixth Fleet on the Front Lines, Then and Now

By Michael Purzycki

Is The U.S. Navy Ready For The Red Sea Threat?

By Dr. Steven Wills

NATO’s Contribution to Critical Maritime Infrastructure Protection

By Christian Bueger

The Balearic-Strait-Canaries Axis and Spanish Maritime Strategy

By Gonzalo Vazquez

Strengthening Naval Security Posture: Mitigating Malware Attacks in the Face of Russian Cyber Warfare

By John Bui

Up for Debate: Should the U.S. ratify UNCLOS?

By James Kraska, Raul (Pete) Pedrozo

Part I: Sundowning the Oliver Hazard Perry-Class Frigate

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

How does a 1980s Video Game inform Uncrewed Surface Warfare Systems?

By Dr. Steven Wills

China and Russia in the Black Sea Region: Moving towards Pax Sinica?

By Thea Dunlevie

Ghost Ships Already wreak Havoc

By Katherine Camberg

Our Naval Neighbor to the North: A Conversation with the 38th Commander of the Royal Canadian Navy Vice Admiral Angus Topshee

By Dr. Steven Wills

Littoral Warfare Requirements for Future Black Sea Operations

By Alasdair Murrie

U.S. Navy Needs to Build Back its Sea Mine Capability

By Dr. Steven Wills

Ukraine’s Strategy for Winning the Battle of the Black Sea

By David Kirichenko

“Zeitenwende” at Sea?: The German Navy’s Purchase of SeaRAMs and Bolstering Security in the Baltic Sea

By Dr. Sebastian Bruns

NATO’s Standing Naval Forces at the Crossroads: Towards Regionalization and Specialization?

By Gonzalo Vazquez

The Swedish Navy brings Capable Forces to NATO 

By Dr. Steven Wills

The U.S. should underwrite Real Cases of Maritime Innovation

By John D. McCown

Transatlantic Security in Baltic: How Realistic is Poland’s Concept of protecting NATO’s Eastern Flank against Russian Aggression?

By Ewa A. Andryjalowicz

Sveriges Radio Interview with Ian Brzezinski (Delegate, 2023 Sweden Fact Finding Trip)

Sea Control in the Black Sea Still up for Grabs

By Dr. Steven Wills

BBC World Service “Newsday” Interview on Ukrainian Humanitarian Corridor

By Thea Dunlevie

A new grain corridor highlights Ukraine’s military successes in the Black Sea, experts say

By Thea Dunlevie

The Grand Voyage of the Amerigo Vespucci and Italy’s Lost Opportunities

By Anna Matilde Bassoli

How to defeat Russia’s War on Ukrainian Grain: Navies go Small, Diplomacy goes Big

By Bradford Dismukes, Barry Blechman

Quo Vadis: The Commission on the Future of the Navy

By Dr. Steven Wills

The Importance of Seabed Critical Minerals for Great Power Competition

By Thea Dunlevie

U.S. Air Technology in the Baltic can help Allies create a “Lake of NATO”

By Michael D. Purzycki

Lessons from the Anglo-German Arms Race for the United States Navy

By Eamonn Bellin

Too Soon to Call: Betting against Warship Retirement

By Anna Matilde Bassoli

Learning from Transatlantic Allies to secure the Subsea Domain

By Thea Dunlevie

Finland could help the U.S. build a Fleet of Polar Cutters

By Gonzalo Vázquez

Global Warfighting Simulation Puts the Pressure on Navy, Marine Corps

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Ukraine Offers Plan to Bypass Russia’s Black Sea Blockade

By Thea Dunlevie

LSE 23: An Exercise Unlike Any Other

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Could Putin’s Unpopular War Spark Another Potemkin-style Mutiny in the Black Sea Fleet?

By Dr. Steven Wills

Why Sevastopol is Important to the Russian Black Sea Fleet

By Dr. Steven Wills

The Eastern Front: Let’s Talk Black Sea Security, Pt. II (with Adm. James Foggo)

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Undercurrents of Italy’s Indo-Pacific Agenda

By Gabrielle Moran

ADM James Foggo on Forging Peace and Stability in the Eastern Mediterranean

The Eastern Front: Let’s Talk Black Sea Security (with Thea Dunlevie)

By Thea Dunlevie

Securing Maritime Data: The Battle Against China’s LOGINK in U.S. and European Ports

By Albert Vidal

Russia’s Threats to Shipping Bring Risk of War to Black Sea

By Thea Dunlevie

Shifting Warfare Paradigms: Establishing Effective Targeting Strategies in the Indo-Pacific Maritime Domain

By Andrew I. Park, LT Morgan Thomas

Building the Coast Guard of the Future

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

NATO must avoid Sea Blindness in Vilnius

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Vilnius’ Implications for Alliance Naval Power

By Professor James Henry Bergeron

The Enemy Below: Fighting against Russia’s Hybrid Underwater Warfare

By Hotaka Nakamura

Anticipating the Next Black Sea Shipping Crisis

By Thea Dunlevie

Titans Searching for Titan

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Military Sealift Command can “Rule the Waves”

By Dr. Steven Wills

To Prepare for War at Sea Over Taiwan, Look to the Land War in Ukraine

By Samuel Byers, Samuel Byers

USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN 78) Delivers at Sea

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Why BALTOPS Matters in a NATO Lake

By Dr. Steven Wills

It’s No Surprise if Russian Oil continues to sail into Bulgarian Ports

By Thea Dunlevie

AUKUS: Strength, Silence, Surprise

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Special Memorial Day Edition: Remembrance across the Atlantic

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Going Asymmetric: How Ukraine is Keeping Russia at Bay in the Black Sea

By Charles Rahr

Should the EU learn from NATO’s Standing Naval Forces Model?

By Gonzalo Vázquez 

The Black Sea Grain Initiative has become a Game of Chicken, and We can’t let Russia Win

By Ian Ralby, J.D., Ph.D.

Exercise Formidable Shield: An Enduring Legacy of Learning in Integrated Air and Missile Defense

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

The United Nations Black Sea Grain Initiative: What is Plan B?

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Defending Our Shipbuilding Critical Infrastructure

By Thea Dunlevie

Russia’s Lake: How to Liberate the Black Sea

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Russia Has Allowed Its Navy to ‘Atrophy’— Retired U.S. Admiral

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Strengthening The Special Relationship: Delivering Combined Sea Power

By Commander Hugh W. S. Botterill MBE Royal Navy

Is the EU already speaking the “language of power?” An analysis of the updated EU Maritime Security Strategy

By Veronika Hornyák, Captain Mariann Vecsey

Resolving Maritime Border Dispute Opens Door for Increased Energy Security

By Nicholas Weising

NATO Should Mind the Gap

By Gonzalo Vázquez

Reflections on Ukraine’s Place in the European Order

By Dr. Lisa Aronsson

Entering Year Two of Putin’s War in Ukraine

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Reflecting on One Year of War: Is China’s Military Learning Anything from Ukraine?

By Dr. Joel Wuthnow

Special Edition: Eastern Front & American Purpose Event Recording of “Russia’s War on Ukraine at Year One”

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Reflecting on One Year of War: The Role of Non-Military Levers

By Clara Le Gargasson, James Black

Reflecting on One Year of War: Standoff and Cooperation in the Baltic Sea

By Elisabeth Braw

Reflecting on One Year of War: A Transformational Year in Maritime NATO

By James H. Bergeron

Reflecting on One Year of War: Is America the Arsenal of Democracy?

By Mackenzie Eaglen

Reflecting on One Year of War: The Food Crisis That Started in Ukrainian Ports is Now a Global Policy Challenge

By Ian Ralby, J.D., Ph.D.

Reflecting on One Year of War: Remotely Piloted Threats, Lessons from Drone Operations in Ukraine

By Federico Borsari

Reflecting on One Year of War: The Power of Open-Source Intelligence

By H.I. Sutton

Reflecting on One Year of War: The Decisive Element of Black Sea Strategy

By Carsten Schmiedl

Reflecting on One Year of War: Assessing the West’s “Failure” to Deter

By Dr. Melanie Sisson

The Fourth Battle of the Atlantic Is Underway

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

2022 A Year in Strategic Review

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

What the Disasters of Dieppe and Slapton Sands Can Tell Us About a Chinese Invasion of Taiwan

By Dr. Steven Wills

Russia’s War in Ukraine Shifts Black Sea From NATO’s Edge to Center Stage

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Admiral James Foggo, on Antena 3 CNN: “The consequences of using a tactical nuclear weapon would be devastating for Russia”

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

The Return of Infernal Machines to Naval Warfare

By Dr. Steven Wills

247 Years of Victory at Sea

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.), Dr. Steven Wills

Putin’s Buzz Bombs Won’t Help Him Win in Ukraine

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

SAMs to Syria: Can the Marines Weaken Putin on Another Front?

By Michael D. Purzycki

The Royal Navy Has More Ambitions Than Assets

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

American Maritime Strategy Prior to the Second World War and the Myths of US Isolationism

By Connor L. Mitchell

No Air Superiority Means No Sea Control: The Case of the Black Sea Fleet

By Dr. Steven Wills

A Tale of Two Caesars: Contemporary Lessons from Divergent Caesarian Strategies

By Benjamin E. Mainardi

Ukraine contains the Russian fleet despite the inferiority of its troops

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Responding to the Russia-UN Ukrainian Grain Export Plan

By Bradford Dismukes, CAPT, USNR (ret.)

Maritime Strategic Culture & The British Way of War

By Benjamin E. Mainardi, Dr. Steven Wills

The First of the Dominoes has Fallen in the Growing World Food Crisis

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.), Ian Ralby, J.D., Ph.D.

40 Years of Missile Warfare: What the Losses of the HMS Sheffield and RFS Moskva Tell Us About War At Sea

By Dr. Steven Wills

Ukraine Wants NATO’s Help Against Russia’s WMDs

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

NATO ties to Finland and Sweden could aid US with useful tactics for the Pacific, naval experts say

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Is Russia using food as a weapon?

By Benjamin E. Mainardi

How Sweden and Finland could reshape NATO’s northern security

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Russia’s Hunger Blockade

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.), Dr. Steven Wills

Russia’s Hunger Blockade

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.), Benjamin E. Mainardi

The blockade of Ukraine’s ports is worsening world hunger

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

U.N. Seeks to Ease Russian Blockade of Ukraine Grain Shipping to Avert Food Shortages

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Turkey’s Erdogan voices skepticism on Sweden and Finland joining NATO

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.), Dr. Steven Wills

Below the Surface

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.), Dr. Steven Wills

Boiling the Frog — Russia’s Black Sea Aggression Part II, the War

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.), Benjamin E. Mainardi

Boiling the Frog — Russia’s Growing Black Sea Aggression Part I

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.), Benjamin E. Mainardi

Russia’s army is in a woeful state

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Leading Strategist Questions Russian Forces’ Ability To ‘Act Like A Western Army’

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

The Pentagon can’t confirm yet how the Russian ship Moskva was destroyed

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

What should the US Navy learn from Moskva’s demise?

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Prized Russian Ship Was Hit by Missiles, U.S. Officials Say

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Russia Hits Setbacks, as Flagship Sinks and E.U. Mulls Oil Ban

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Prized Russian Ship Was Hit by Missiles, U.S. Officials Say

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Russia may not stop with Ukraine – NATO looks to its weakest link

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

‘Winging It’: Russia Is Getting Its Generals Killed on the Front Lines

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Ukrainian president urges NATO to implement a no-fly zone

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Russia’s military is now encircling several Ukrainian cities

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Former Navy commander on Russia’s attacks on Ukrainian cities near Black Sea

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Zelensky Asks U.S. Lawmakers for No Fly Zone, Ban on Russian Oil

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Retired U.S. Navy Admiral discusses Russia-Ukraine crisis

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Adm. James Foggo is Interviewed about the Escalating Fighting

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Retired U.S. Navy admiral on Russia attack against Ukraine

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Adm. James Foggo Discusses Ukraine Military Tactics on CNN New Day With John Berman and Brianna Keilar

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

‘The West Didn’t Do Enough’: Ukraine Faces a Fight on Its Beaches

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Ukraine: Defiant, Against All Odds

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

NATO leaves Black Sea exposed as Russia invades Ukraine

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Consequences of misunderstandings with Russian ships grow as invasion looms, CNO says

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Russia aims to ward off NATO in the event of a Ukraine invasion

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Retired Navy admiral on Russia-Ukraine conflict

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Ominous Russian movements in Black Sea raise alarm

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

‘Dangerous moment’: Russian naval buildup near Ukraine hits Cold War levels

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Admiral James Foggo | Recite Al Jazeeri

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Crisis in Ukraine

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

US Navy and NATO presence in the Black Sea has fallen since Russia took part of Ukraine, figures show

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

NATO to Send Ships, Jet Fighters to Eastern Europe Amid Standoff With Russia

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Russia Moves More Weaponry Toward Ukraine, Keeps the West Guessing

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)

Former Commander of NATO Headquarters on the role of Souda and Alexandroupolis | Central Bulletin

By Admiral James G. Foggo, U.S. Navy (Ret.)